Metal bar



c. B. K1N@ AND R. A. YOUNG.

` METAL BAH. l APPLICATION FILED JULY 30,1911.

Arm/wer NETE@ TATE PATENT OFFIQE.

CHARLES B. KING AND RALPH A; YOUNGQ'OF MARION, OHIO, ASSIGNORS T0 THE MARION STEAM SHOVEI.. COMPANY, OF MARION, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

METAL BAR.

morosa.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June l?, 19M?.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that we, CHARLES B. KING and RALPH A. YoUNG, citizens of the United States, residing at Marion, in the county of Marion and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metal Bars, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to metal bars.

The barof the invention is designed primarily for use in the manufacture of chains for steam shovels and similar apparatus. The service required of a steam shovel chain is probably the most severe of any to which chains can be subjected, because not only is it required to carry a very heavy load, but it is subjected, on the one hand, to very severe strains and jerks which tend to break the chain; and, on the other hand, to severe Wear where it passes about the sheaves, or guides, which tends to wear away the metal and reduce the strength of the chain. Metals which are sufficiently tough and fibrous to withstand the severe shocks and strains to which the chains are subjected are soft and wear away rapidly, while metals which are hard enough to elfectually resist the wear to which these chains are subjected are of a brittle, crystalline nature and are liable to break under the shock and strain to which the chains are subjected.

The object of the present invention is,

. therefore, to produce a metal bar from which ity, and the other having the necessary characteristic of hardness. The sections are so arranged in the bar as to distribute the two kinds of metal with substantial uniformity throughout the cross-sectional area 0f the bar. To produce a bar of this kind we form a pile of small 'bars of two kinds of metal, having the desired characteristics, ,and arrangethese bars in the positions in which we desire to have the sectionsof the Y finished link bar arranged. The pile is then heated to a uniform Welding heat and is physical and chemical characteristics.

worked in such a manner as to cause the several small bars to be welded together into a single integral bar, lwhich finished bar may, for the sake of convenience, be termed the clink bar, although it will be understood that its use is not limited to the manufacture of chain links as the bar thus formed may, of course, be used in the production of articles or mechanical parts of various kinds. It will be further understood that the term two kinds ofmetals refers to metals with different physical characteristics and not necessarily to different metals.

In the accompanying'drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away, of a pile of bars ready to go to the reheating furnace; Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of such a pile of bars; and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a finished bar. j

In carrying out the invention we may use bars of metal of any suitable kinds, having the necessary characteristics, but we have found that the best results are obtained by using specially prepared bars of metal, as in this way greater uniformity is had in the l finished product, andthe exact character of the metals employed is known to the chain maker who weldsllinks, thus enabling him to so control theheat and welding operation as to secure a perfect weld. While the tough, fibrous bars of relatively soft metal, which are indicated by the reference numeral l in the drawings, may be of any suitable metal, we prefer to utilize, in the formation of these bars, pig iron. Pig irons have different One iron will crumble or work easily under heat. and is known ashotshort. Another iron will work well under all heats but is brittle and liable to crystallize when worked cold, and is known as cold short. By a proper blending of these two kinds of pig iron there is produced a soft, tough, fibrous iron, which is especially `well adapted to .our purpose. ln blending these irons thedesired quantities of each kind, which are usually'equal quantities, are placed in the puddling furnace and subjected to a uniform heat to cause the whole mass to boil and throw off its impurities. and worked by the puddler to remove the slag and unite the globules of purified iron into-a single pasty mass. This mass is then subjected to the action of a squeezer, which forces the same between a corrugated steel It is then further treatedA roll and an eccentric wall'to squeeze out the slag and' to weld together more firmly the small iron particles, and from which the mass emerges in the form of a bloom. The bloom is then rolled out into a large flat bar known as a muck bar and these muck bars are cut into lengths, piled one upon the other, reheated and rolled into relatively Small square bars, which are usually from l inch to 1 inchsquare, and may be known as pig m'uc'k 'ironY bars.

Likewise different metals may he employed for forming the hard bars, which are indicated by the reference numeral 2 on the drawings. y l/Ve have found, however, that very satisfactory results are had by the useof carefully selected Wrought iron scrap anclsteel'. These materials are placed in the puddling furnace, heated'and worked until the steel loses itsfform and' becomes like iron, and' the whole mass is thentreated in substantially the same manner as was the' pig iron above described toV reduce'the same to small square b'ars ofvsn'bstanti'ally the saine sizeas the pig ironbars, and n'iaybe kno-wn as scrap muck iron bars. y i d i iron bars and the wrought iron bars are then cut into lengths and `formed into pivlesvinl which the pig'iron and wrought iron bars are internringle,d 4in such a manner as t0 distributethe two kinds of bars with sub` stantial uniformity throughout the pile. Preferably' the small bars of pig iron and of wrougl'itiron are arranged alternately inthe horizontal layers and' in the vertical tiers.

Careistaken toV see that the several bars are of substantially uniform length, thus avoiding break in the continuityv ofthe sections of the finished bar, which would result if' one of the small bars was irr two or more parts. 'Preferably pig iron muck bars'3 are placed on two or more sides ofthepilfe, and as' shown in Figs. 1 and 2 muck bars are placed on all four sidesof'the Ipile'. The

` pile is tlie'n placed in a rehe'ating furnace and uniformly heated'to a welding temperature, after `which itis taken to the rolling mill and rolled tolthe dia'1neter desired in the finished link bantliisrolling operation serving to' weld togetherthoroughly the" ser` eral small bars intofa single integral link bar'. This linish'ed linkbar will be made' up of4 a series of longitudinal sections of two "liiirds'of'metali which, altl'iouglrtliey may be distorted in shape' by the rolling, will occupy in the `finished bar 'substantially the same relative positions which theyv occupied in' the l pile of small bars prior to the rolling operation, thus maintaining' the uni'form distribution of the two kinds of metal'.

cpi'e's @funs patent" may' be dbtained for diameter of l inches.

The size of the pile of small bars will Vary, but in the production of a 1?; inch link bar the pile is made substantially six inches square and is then reduced by rolling to a The placing of the pig iron muck bars about the pile of small bars is not an essential part of our method, but it is a desirable feature as these muck bars reduce toV aminimum the likelihood of seams running longitudinally along the surface of the finished bar as might otherwise result from the welding of two k'mds of metal, and further the pi'g iron mucks are VVery easy to weld and for this reason also their use is desirable. In the rolling process the pig iron mucks naturally thin down much more rapidly than do the small bars which are arranged within the same and they are never of the same relative size in the finished bar, and sometimes-practically disappear.

lit will be obvious that by our invention we have produced la metall bar 4possessing great tensile strength and' well 'adapted to resist the strains and shocks ,tol which a steam shovel chain is subjected; and which is also well adapted to resist the wear to which such a chain is subjected.

lvhille we have sho-wir and described one form of our metal bar and have described one method by means of which it can be produced we do not wish to be liinitedto` the details of construction as vafrions modifications within the scope of the appended claims will occur to one skilled in the art.

Having now fully described our invention, what we claim as 1`iew"zuid desire lto secure' by LettersfPatent, iS1'- Y 1. n an article of nianufacture an in tegralbar of Wrought metal comprising a plurality of longitudinally `extending 1sections of pig iron muck and of scrap iron muck said sections being so arranged' as to distribute the diierent kindsv of lmetal pile. i

2. As an `article of manufacture an 'integralhar of wrought metal comprising a plurality of longitudinally extending sections formed lfrom pifgi'ron and a plurality of longitudinally extending sections formed from a mix-'ture of wrought iron and steel, said sections being so arranged Vas to `dise `throughout the cross sectional area of the `tribute the different kinds of metal "throughout the cross sectional area of the' bar.

In testimony whereof, we alixour signatures hereto.

CHARLES B. KING. RALPH A. YOUNG;

vecents eac'h, by addressing the- "Commissioner of Patents, Washingto1`1`,1)`. C. 

